SOURCES
Primary Sources
Army Medical Museum. Catalogue of the Army Medical Museum, Surgeon General’s Office, Washington, D.C. Washington : Government Printing Office, 1863.
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Ayres, H. P. “Original Department.: Communications. Army Medical Museum. Specimen 2121. Specimen 3257 Specimen 611. Specimen 1738. Specimen 2749. Specimen 4386. Specimen 3080. Specimen 4386 And 81 Specimen 1161.” Medical and Surgical Reporter 21, no. 8 (August 21, 1869): 149.
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"The Assassins Corpse. It is Probably in the Museum." Grand Forks Daily Herald (Grand Forks, North Dakota) I, no. 212, July 7, 1882: [1].
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Billings, John Shaw. Medical Museums: With Special Reference to the Army Medical Museum at Washington. New Haven, Conn.: Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor, printers, 1888. PDF.
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Crothers, T.D. “The Albany College Museum.” Medical and Surgical Reporter, July 16, 1870, 23 edition, sec. 3.
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“Editorial.: The Medical and Surgical History of the Civil War.” Philadelphia Medical Times 6, no. 24, August 19, 1876.
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"Ghastly Mementoes a Visit to the Army Medical Museum at Washington the Scene of Lincoln's Assassination." Daily Inter Ocean (Chicago, Illinois) III, no. 82, June 14, 1874: 6.
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"Guiteau's Bones. How They Look in the Medical Museum." New Haven Register (New Haven, Connecticut) LXI, no. 130, June 2, 1883: [3].
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"Guiteau's Head. Prof. Worth, of New York, Has the Head of the Assassin of President." Macon Telegraph (Macon, Georgia), no. 11755, June 24, 1887: [1].
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“John Wilkes Booth; Army; Washington.” Trenton State Gazette (Trenton, New Jersey). July 25, 1865.
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Jordan, Henry J. and Samuel Beck. Catalogue of the New-York Museum of Anatomy. New York: Charles F. Bloom, book and job printer, 1863. Internet Archive.
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Mapother, E. D. “An Address On American Medicine. Delivered At St. Vincent’s Hospital, Dublin, In Opening The Session, 1870-71.” The British Medical Journal 2, no. 514 (1870): 477–79.
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"The Medical College Museum." Times-Picayune (New Orleans, Louisiana), September 12, 1852: 3.
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Morton, Samuel George. Crania Americana: Or a Comparatif View of the Skulls of Various Aboriginal Nations of America, 1839. Google Books.
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Otis, George A. Histories of Two Hundred and Ninety-Six Surgical Photographs Prepared at the Army Medical Museum. Washington : Printed at the Surgeon General’s Office, 1871.
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“Report of Surgeon-General, U. S. A.” Medical and Surgical Reporter 19, no. 25 (December 19, 1868): 501.
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Sewall, Thomas. The Pathology of Drunkenness, Or the Physical Effects of Alcoholic Drinks: With Drawings of the Drunkard’s Stomach. C. Van Benthuysen, 1841. Google Books.
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“TEMPERANCE, AND A PROHIBITORY LAW, AN ENFORCE BY PHRENOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY.” American Phrenological Journal 9, no. 3 (March 1854): 61.
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“The Siamese Twins.” The British Medical Journal 1, no. 689 (1874): 359–63.
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“The Siamese Twins.” Scientific American. New York, United States: American Periodicals Series II, February 7, 1874.
Secondary Sources
Ebenstein, Joanna. The Anatomical Venus: Wax, God, Death, and the Ecstatic. New York: Distributed Art Publishers, Inc., 2016.
Foreman, P. Gabrielle. “New England’s Fortune: An Inheritance of Black Bodies and Bones.” Journal of American Studies 49, no. 2 (2015): 287–303.
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Fabian, Ann. The Skull Collectors: Race, Science, and America's Unburied Dead. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
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Foucault, Michel. The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception. Translated by A.M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Pantheon, 1973.
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Keckeisen, Sara K. “The Grinning Wall: History, Exhibition, and Application of the Hyrtl Skull Collection at the Mutter Museum.” Master’s thesis, Seton Hall University, 2012.
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Kelleher, Suzanne Rowan. "How a Museum's Human Skull Collection Sparked a Racial Reckoning." Forbes. April 16, 2021. https://www.forbes.com/sites/suzannerowankelleher/2021/04/16/penn-museum-samuel-morton-human-skull-collection-black-slaves-repatriation/?sh=4a3609497d4c.
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Kenny, Stephen C. “The Development of Medical Museums in the Antebellum American South: Slave Bodies in Networks of Anatomical Exchange.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 87, no. 1 (2013): 32–62.
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Mitchell, Michael Wolff. "Black Philadelphians in the Samuel George Morton Cranial Collection." Penn Medicine and the Afterlives of Slavery. February 15, 2021. https://prss.sas.upenn.edu/penn-medicines-role/black-philadelphians-samuel-george-morton-cranial-collection.
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Pilkington, Ed. "Ivy League university set to rebury skulls of Black people kept for centuries." The Guardian. August 7, 2022. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/aug/07/us-university-plans-repatriation-black-american-remains.
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Sappol, Michael. A Traffic of Dead Bodies: Anatomy and Embodied Social Identity in Nineteenth-Century America. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2002.
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Stephens, Elizabeth. Anatomy as Spectacle: Public Exhibitions of the Body from 1700 to the Present. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2011.
NOTE: The sources for all images used in this project are linked in the captions of the respective images.